论文：幼儿园的小班区域活动环境创设研究

　　摘要

　　幼儿的生活应该是生动、活泼、有趣的，可是，现在的许多幼儿，特别是城市里的幼儿很少与同龄人尽情玩耍、自由交往的机会。快节奏的生活带给幼儿更多的是和电视为伴，和"高、新、尖"的玩具为伴，而各种区域环境的创设正好可以弥补这一缺陷，可以让幼儿在幼儿园的生活中真切地感受到生活的生动和同伴之间游戏的快乐。同时，幼儿通过自身的活动和游戏产生对自己能力的一种认识何评价。幼儿园的区域活动属于小组活动的形式，为幼儿提供了丰富的学习和游戏经验，在活动中选择适合自己的材料、玩具和工具，更多地按照自己的兴趣和能力来选择活动的内容和游戏的种类，在没有压力的环境中自主学习、探索和游戏，使他们获得了更多的与同伴交往的机会，是同伴之间相互了解，也获得了更多在同伴面前表现自己、显示自己的机会。区域活动也增加了教师直接接触了解幼儿、与幼儿交往的机会，幼儿也能更多的感受到教师的关注。因而区域活动环境创设对幼儿是非常重要的。

　　本研究在梳理国内外班级教育环境及幼儿园教育环境相关研究成果的基础上，选取N幼儿园的小班区域活动环境创设作为研究对象来探讨现在存在的问题，以及我对此提出的建议

　　关键词：区域活动环境创设、区域布局、师幼互动

　　Abstract

　　Young children's life should be vivid, lively and interesting, but now many of the children, especially the young children in the city seldom chance to communicate with peers play, free. The fast pace of life bring more children and television company, and "high, new, sharp" toy company, and various regional environment creation can compensate for this defect, can let the children in kindergarten life really feel life is vivid and the joy of the game between partners. At the same time, the children through their own activities and games have an understanding of their ability to comment. Kindergarten regional activity belongs to the form of group activities, provides children with rich experience in learning and game, in the activities to select suitable materials, toys and tools, more according to their interests and ability to choose the kind of content and game activities, in a no pressure environment of autonomous learning, exploration and game, to make them have more opportunity to communicate with peers, is a mutual understanding between partners, also have more performance, show yourself in front of peers. Regional activities also increased the teacher direct contact with the understanding of young children, and children interaction, children can more feel the teacher's attention. Thus regional activity environment created for young children is very important.

　　Comb this study in class education and preschool education environment at home and abroad, on the basis of relevant research results, select N kindergarten activity environment creating small area as the research object to explore existing problems now, and I to this suggestion

　　Key words：The creation of regional activities environment；Regional distribution；teacher and children interact.

　　1.研究背景

　　创设良好的教育环境，促进幼儿全面发展，是幼儿园教育的一项基本原则，也是一个长期的任务。我国著名教育家陈鹤琴先生认为："怎样的环境，就得到怎样的刺激，得到怎样的印象。"皮亚杰认知理论也认为："幼儿是在与环境的相互作用中主动发展起来的。"《幼儿园教育指导纲要》（试行）中也明确指出：幼儿园应该为幼儿提供健康、丰富的生活和活动环境，满足他们多方面发展的需求，使他们在快乐的童年生活中获得有益身心发展的经验。

　　今天的幼儿教育已经走向开放的教育。时间、空间、教材、结构的开放、完整幼儿的培养、整合教育的出现、游戏化、生活化的课程模式等等，都提倡为幼儿提供开放、丰富而且多样的环境，允许幼儿自由选择、自主学习，于是区域活动便在幼儿园广泛地开展起来，并获得幼儿教师及孩子们的喜爱。

　　我园从95年开始就进行了区域活动的初步尝试，随着区域活动的逐步开展，我们认识到：区域活动与集体活动相比，教师的主导作用变得隐性，目标隐含在环境和材料之中。幼儿的主体性变得明显，通过与环境和材料的互动、感知来积累知识技能和生活经验。显然，环境在区域活动中占有举足轻重的地位。因而，探索如何根据本园的实际情况在区域活动中创设适宜幼儿发展的、具有开放性的环境，体现园本特色，使其发挥环境的潜移默化的教育功用，激发幼儿的学习兴趣，为每一个孩子提供活动的条件和表现自己的机会，对幼儿全面发展具有重要的意义。